Iyini i-metal catalyst eyigugu?

Ama-catalyst ensimbi ayigugu, njengoba negama libonisa, asebenzisa izinsimbi eziyigugu njengesithako esisebenzayo kanye nezitsha zobumba ze-monolithic ezifana ne-alumina njengokwesekwa. Zingama-catalysts athuthukiswe ukushintsha izinga lokusabela kwamakhemikhali ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza ekuphenduleni ngokwako.

I-catalyst yensimbi eyigugu iyinsimbi eyigugu engashintsha izinga lokusabela kwamakhemikhali ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza emikhiqizweni yokugcina. Cishe zonke izinsimbi eziyigugu zingasetshenziswa njengama-catalysts, kodwa i-platinum, i-palladium, i-rhodium, isiliva, ne-ruthenium isetshenziswa kakhulu, kanti i-platinum ne-rhodium isetshenziswa kakhulu. Ama-d-ama-electron orbitals awo awagcwali ngokugcwele, okwenza izindawo ezingaphezulu zithande ukusabela ezikhangayo. Amandla amaphakathi alawa ma-orbitals enza kube lula ukwakheka "kwezinhlanganisela ezisebenzayo," okuholela ekusebenzeni okuphezulu kwe-catalytic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zinezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu ezihlanganisayo ezifana{5}}nokumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukumelana ne-oxidation, kanye nokungagqwala, okuzenza zibe izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuvuselela amandla.